Program Input
Design the part model using CAD/CAM software, generate G-code, and define parameters such as toolpath, spindle speed, and feed rate.
The program is transmitted to the CNC system via USB flash drive, network, or direct input.
CNC System Analysis
The CNC system (CNC controller) converts the G-code into electrical signals to control actuators such as servo motors and spindle motors.
Mechanical Execution
Spindle Rotation: The chuck holds the workpiece, and the spindle motor drives the workpiece to rotate at a set speed (S command, e.g., S2000 represents 2000 rpm).
Tool Movement: The servo motor drives the tool holder to move along the X/Z axes (precision ball screw drive), cutting the material according to the programmed trajectory.
Cooling and Chip Removal: A cooling pump sprays cutting fluid to reduce temperature and flush away chips.
Closed-Loop Feedback (Optional)
High-precision models are equipped with a linear scale or encoder to monitor and compensate for position errors in real time (closed-loop control), ensuring accuracy at the ±0.001mm level.
